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There are at least 41 species of Lichens, ''Ascomycota'' known to exist in Montana.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide-Sac Fungi )〕 The Montana Natural Heritage Program has identified a number of lichen species as ''Species of Concern''.〔''Species of Concern are native taxa that are at-risk due to declining population trends, threats to their habitats, restricted distribution, and/or other factors. Designation as a Montana Species of Concern or Potential Species of Concern is based on the Montana Status Rank, and is not a statutory or regulatory classification. Rather, these designations provide information that helps resource managers make proactive decisions regarding species conservation and data collection priorities. See the latest Species of Concern Reports for more detailed explanations and assessment criteria.'' (【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide-Species of Concern )〕 The Ascomycota are a Division/Phylum of the kingdom Fungi, and subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the ''Sac Fungi''. They are the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species.〔Kirk ''et al''., p. 55.〕 The defining feature of this fungal group is the "ascus" (from Greek: ' (''askos''), meaning "sac" or "wineskin"), a microscopic sexual structure in which nonmotile spores, called ascospores, are formed. However, some species of the Ascomycota are asexual, meaning that they do not have a sexual cycle and thus do not form asci or ascospores. Previously placed in the Deuteromycota along with asexual species from other fungal taxa, asexual (or anamorphic) ascomycetes are now identified and classified based on morphological or physiological similarities to ascus-bearing taxa, and by phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences. * Arctomiaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide- Arctomiaceae )〕 * * Delicate Arctomia Lichen, ''Arctomia delicatula'' * Brigantiaeaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide-Brigantiaceae )〕 * * Brick-spored Firedot Lichen, ''Brigantiaea praetermissa'' * Cladoniaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide- Cladoniaceae )〕 * * Thorn Cladonia Lichen, ''Cladonia uncialis'' * * Wooden Soldiers Lichen, ''Cladonia botrytes'' * Collemataceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide- Collemataceae )〕 * * Jelly Lichen, ''Collema curtisporum'' * Coniocybaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide- Coniocybaceae )〕 * * Collared Glass Whiskers Lichen, ''Sclerophora amabilis'' * Hymeneliaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide-Hymeneliaceae )〕 * * Vagrant Aspicilia Lichen, ''Aspicilia fruticulosa'' * Lecanoraceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide-Lecanoraceae )〕 * * Wanderlust Lichen, ''Rhizoplaca haydenii'' * Lobariaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide-Lobariaceae )〕 * * Cabbage Lungwort Lichen, ''Lobaria linita'' * * Gray Lungwort Lichen, ''Lobaria hallii'' * * Netted Specklebelly Lichen, ''Pseudocyphellaria anomala'' * * Textured Lungwort Lichen, ''Lobaria scrobiculata'' * * Thorn Lichen, ''Dendriscocaulon umhausense'' * Pannariaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide- Pannariaceae )〕 * * Lead Lichen, ''Parmeliella triptophylla'' * Parmeliaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide- Parmeliaceae )〕 * * Camouflage Lichen, ''Melanelia commixta'' * * Chestnut Wrinkle-Lichen, ''Cetraria sepincola'' * * Foxtail Lichen, ''Nodobryoria subdivergens'' * * Frosted Finger Lichen, ''Dactylina ramulosa'' * * Mountain Oakmoss Lichen, ''Evernia divaricata'' * * Northern Camouflage Lichen, ''Melanelia septentrionalis'' * * Ribbon Rag Lichen, ''Platismatia stenophylla'' * * Ring Lichen, ''Arctoparmelia subcentrifuga'' * * Shield Lichen, ''Parmelia fraudans'' * * Tattered Rag Lichen, ''Platismatia herrei'' * Peltigeraceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide-Parmeliaceae )〕 * * Chocolate Chip Lichen, ''Solorina bispora'' * * Chocolate Chip Lichen, ''Solorina octospora'' * * Fringed Chocolate Chip Lichen, ''Solorina spongiosa'' * * Fringed Pelt Lichen, ''Peltigera pacifica'' * * Waterfan Lichen, ''Peltigera hydrothyria'' * Pertusariaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide- Pertusariaceae )〕 * * Wart Lichen, ''Pertusaria diluta'' * Physciaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide-Physciaceae )〕 * * Shadow Lichen, ''Phaeophyscia kairamoi'' * Psoraceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide-Psoraceae )〕 * * Scale Lichen, ''Psora rubiformis'' * Ramalinaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide-Ramalinaceae )〕 * * Hooded Ramalina Lichen, ''Ramalina obtusata'' * * Powdery Twig Lichen, ''Ramalina pollinaria'' * * Slit-rimmed Ramalina Lichen, ''Ramalina subleptocarpha'' * Sphaerophoraceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide-Sphaerophoraceae )〕 * * Coral Lichen, ''Sphaerophorus tuckermanii'' * Stereocaulaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide-Stereocaulaceae )〕 * * Easter Lichen, ''Stereocaulon paschale'' * Umbilicariaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide- Umbilicariaceae )〕 * * Rock Tripe Lichen, ''Umbilicaria havaasii'' * * Rock Tripe Lichen, ''Umbilicaria hirsuta'' * Verrucariaceae 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Montana Field Guide- Verrucariaceae )〕 * * Elf-ear Lichen, ''Normandina pulchella'' * * Speck Lichen, ''Verrucaria kootenaica'' ==Further reading== * * * * 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of lichens of Montana」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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